An Article Of School Based Social Work Interventions

Reviews in an article of School-based Social Work Interventions, shows that Social Workers have become increasingly involved in administering interventions to reveal promising empirical support with a variety of outcomes and populations (2013, p.252-263). The article discusses the need for employed Social Workers to be actively present within school systems is crucial; to assure children receive proper diagnosis, especially those dealing trauma or environmental issues. The use of school Social Workers could defeat the alternative of possibly misdiagnosing, and/or the chance of over medicating the child. The last report a parent wants to receive about their child is that they are acting out, being unruly, and leaving the only other†¦show more content†¦Barusch (2014) discusses how today’s social problems, are a reflection of the background and issues that once affected the education of children in the United States, back when â€Å"girls were excluded from schools, but boys of various ages and classes were allowed to participate (2014, p,343-378). Barusch (2014) says that the more developed events not long after in 1912. Events such as, the establishment of the U.S. Children’s Bureau, which is now affiliated with the Department of Health and Human services, the development of educational programs, health care, social services, and the reauthorization of the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1974 (CAPTA). CAPTA required that all that represent health and human service are required to report any know of, or suspected child abuse or neglect (2014, p.343-378). Barusch (2014) also explains that the Act encouraged an authoritative manner for Social Work professions, such as, demonstrating protection for children living in troubled homes and unsafe conditions. (The history of child welfare, the U.S. child welfare systems consideredShow MoreRelatedEssay On Investing In Our Children1107 Words   |  5 PagesBenefits of Early Childhood Interventions. Journal of Health Politics, Policy, and Law, 24(6), 1406-1409. doi:10.1215/03616878-24-6-1406 The above reference focus on the aspect of Investing in children Through research there are increasing evidences during the first years after birth, there is a particularly important in child development that present opportunities for enrichment, but also vulnerabilities due to poverty and other social stresses. In an aspect of this article it focuses on the importanceRead MoreImplementing School Based Programs On Reducing Absenteeism And Improving Asthma Control1276 Words   |  6 PagesFollowing is a comprehensive analysis of the articles selected from databases to help answer the posited PICOT question. The search produced eight articles that were most applicable to the implementation of asthma education in school settings. Further, the articles gave invaluable information to answer the writer’s PICOT question. Not only are education interventions mentioned in the selected articles, other modes to decrease absenteeism among school-aged children were discussed in detail. The synthesizedRead MoreMental Health Promotion, Prevention, And Intervention For Children And Youth1138 Words   |  5 PagesThe article I chose to review is Research Opportunities in the Area of Mental Health Promotion, Prevention, and Intervention for Children and Youth. I first found this article through AJOT and I realized I had been given this issue through a family friend, so I referred to it from then on. This AJOT issue was from September/October of 2014. After reading through the article, I realized that there was an additional article with further information. There was a systematic review that occurred beforeRead MoreThe Success Of The Teen Pregnancies1486 Words   |  6 Pagessubsequent births due to multidimensional and complex needs. These risks contain complex social and economic aspects and public health issues. These mothers appear to have a recurring theme associated with â€Å"poorer medical, educational, economic and parenting outcomes† (Barnet et al., 2009, p. 435). Factors that affect these teen mothers appear to be multi-disciplinary, and therefore the efficacy of such interventions has been difficult to determine. Risk factors that seem to be prevalent with an increaseRead MoreEffectiveness Of A Wide Used Peer Support Program989 Words   |  4 PagesSoci al workers have many different job duties but their main concerns are helping people with their problems and listening to them. Qualative research is a very important step with a social worker. With the research method, it provides the social worker with a better understanding of their patient’s issues and what is needed for that person. Social workers use qualitative research to find the best possible way to help others. Qualitative research can be useful in sensitive or complex situations.Read MoreWhat Is The Trickle Down Effect Of Community Interventions?742 Words   |  3 PagesThis week’s article reading focuses on evidence-based practices at the macro-level and the chapter reading focuses on various theories on how organizations are managed. A common theme that continued to come up in the readings is that getting buy in and involvement from stakeholders and residents in the community will have a greater impact on the community than outside forces taking over com munity interventions and programs. The chapter reading also focuses on the trickle-down effect of how an organizationRead MoreQuantitative Article Review: Violence in Schools1158 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Quantitative article review: Violence in schools Quantitative, as opposed to qualitative research is a data-driven exercise in which a population is scientifically analyzed using an experimental and control group: In quantitative research your aim is to determine the relationship between one thing (an independent variable) and another (a dependent or outcome variable) in a population. Quantitative research designs are either descriptive (subjects usually measured once) or experimental (subjectsRead MorePeer Victimization And Academic Performance1550 Words   |  7 PagesThis proposal recommends that research can be performed on peer victimization and academic performances to improve teacher-student relationships. The proposal provides experiences of peers, teachers, and counselors giving intervention to understand the behaviors of peers and lack of poor academic performances. The proposal demonstrates the modifications, behaviors, and attention among genders to explain the internalized and externalize problems. Peer victimization appears in early ages to adolescencesRead MoreA Brief Note On Websites, Links And Articles On Learning Disabilities And Families1007 Words   |  5 Pages Webliography: Websites, Links and articles on Learning Disabilities and families Sha’Vonne J. Walker North Carolina Central University Abstract Pikes Only for Module 6 One paragraph, single spaced, do not indent. single space citations and complete quotes Ldpride.net is a website that provides information on Learning Disabilities. The website defines LD as a term used to describe â€Å"a wide range† of learning and/or social impairments (Bodgod, 2015). The impairment can affectRead MoreDoes GRTL Help with ASD and Behavioral Issues?1211 Words   |  5 Pagesstretching, keeping, different posture, and as well as meditation. Within the article Efficacy of the get ready....a pretest -posttest control group design â€Å"the authors are trying to portray the effects of yoga on children with autism. I chose this article because my son also has autism problem. He is in first grade, and he gets occupational therapy, physical therapy, and speech therapy in school. Furthermore, this article would be beneficial in helping me understand how to help my son. Moreover, I

Going to Meet The Man by James Baldwin and The Tell Tale...

Horror is ingrained in human society, in our movies, in our music, in our stories. Horror is inescapable; it surrounds us, it envelops us. Horror is part of being human; in fact, the definition is being frightened or disgusted. There are two short stories, which truly fit this definition of horror, Going to Meet The Man by James Baldwin and The Tell Tale Heart by Edgar Allen Poe. Going to Meet The Man by James Baldwin and The Tell Tale Heart by Edgar Allen Poe utilize too very different forms of horror, Baldwin using vivid, disgust-provoking imagery, and Poe using terror to provoke fear, however both incorporate a similar theme, that man is capable of horrible atrocities. Plot wise, both of these stories do have elements of horror type fiction, as both do cause strong feelings in the reader. However, they both go about this in very different ways. Going to Meet The Man relied heavily upon the use of imagery, which is incredibly graphic to the point of literal disgust to the reader. The story focuses upon a lynching of a black man through the eyes of a child, and describes in detail what the crowd is doing, and how the black man is being tortured by the people. Edgar Allen Poe’s The Tell Tale Heart is a totally different type of horror, as it is more psychological, as it is told by the murderer. It’s also told almost as a justification, as the narrator/main character is very obviously mentally disturbed; this is in direct contrast with the point of view of Going to Meet The

Theory and Practice of Change Management System

Question: Discuss about the Theory and Practice of Change Management System. Answer: Introduction Change in the management refers to tools, process, and techniques to manage people to achieve high productivity and high return on investment. Therefore, when managers are introducing the management in the organization, they will impact on the system, processes, structure of the organization and job specification. Management change takes place in an organization to improve the quality of its products so as to boost its returns[1]. The changing global market trends lead to directors changing their management to make the products fit in world trade standards[2]. New technological advances and stiff competition motivate various changes in the organization. About research, the secondary sources of the information were books. The problem can arise due to the distortion of the information from different authors. Change management requires human resources management, corporate development, and project and quality management. Lewins 3 stage model of change It is hard for the workers in an organization to accept change. Therefore, the manager needs to communicate the benefits of change to the employees. It shows the necessity of change and how it benefits the organization in growing and improving production. Managers should elaborate the current state and level of organization; old methods and strategies and processes, Organization structures and their way of perceptions[3]. The change enables an organization to have a competitive advantage over the competitor. Showing the necessary of the modification make the firms competent and fit into the right market segment[4]. Managers should use the right channel of communication when dealing with the workers to avoid resistance to the change. Changing is the process of moving or transiting from old methods and implementing new change. It occurs after a thorough examination of employees and inducing the need of change in their attitudes[5]. Employees work with fear and doubts when working toward improving productivity. In the process, people change behaviors and way of thinking towards learning new methods and processes. Processes prepare them psychologically and get ready for the change and making it easier to complete. During this time, there is embracing of change in teamwork. Education and communication process is critical to the employees to make them familiar with the change in management. The process requires proper planning and constant reminding of employees on how they benefit from the change. At this stage, there is solidification and stabilization of the new change. The new culture makes adoption of new methods, strategies, processes, goals and structures. This stage is critical to employers in making sure that employees do not get back to their old ways. Consequently, maintains the new order in workers mentality, thinking, and attitudes. Through factors such as motivation, promotion and keeping the promises increases the morale towards productivity. Positive rewards and acknowledgment of individual efforts maintain new state since there is a possibility of getting back to older methods[6]. Ignoring Refreezing state increases chances of reverting to old ways. About the implementation of change, some other factors should be in place; planning where there is putting objectives goals and processes in place. Another worth noting point is the performance which entails executing the plans and process to produce a quality product. Finally, is the checking where one studies the loyal customers and their respective market segment to provide them with their tastes and preferences. Force field analysis The study helps in the analysis of the factors that ensures the smooth completion of the changes. Such factors include traditions, values, resources, desires, regulations and needs.[7] Therefore, managers should frame the restraining factors and driving forces to accomplish change. First, the managers should analyze the current situation of the company and the problems causing its progression. The defining of the objectives of the change is crucial[8]. Identifying the driving forces and their inter-relationship is essential. Identification of the restraining force is necessary so that manager can know the pressure resisting the change in management. Finally is the identification of the change strategy[9]. Therefore, change can occur due to the reduction in restraint stress, strengthen the driving forces or add new driving factors. The progressive management change takes place when the organization's directors or managers considers their long lasting employees, by promoting them to high ranks in management[10]. It is hard for the change to take place where body contravenes the organization culture. When the senior management gives high positions to new recruits; leaves the experienced, loyal workers at low levels. Basing on our argument on InsureCo, appointing Gary and leaving Steve brings complications in the work performance. Problems arise when Steve and Allan work hard knowing that they will get the promotion to senior management level. The management style of Gary shows that he is unable to implement change. Steve and Allan work hard to assist Gary in the implementation of change, but the outcome is poor. Competition in market segment Technology Desire for the growth by the organization Government regulations Need to improve new process Recommenations Employees training and development: before the introduction of the change, managers should train employee to deliver in producing quality product and services New technology: managers should use the correct business innovation model so as to determine the current and future state of the organization. Additionally; the employees should get the best training and development to increase the productivity. Competition: an organization should research on the competitors strength and weakness, their market share, and the customer's preferences. In a case of the new entrant to the market segment, organizations should check the product brand and development of competitor. Conclusion Clearly, for the team to accomplish change, personnel are necessary irrespective of advancing in the technology. Therefore, managing people attitude and perception are also important so as to make change implementation useful. Management change is vital for improving the organization's products quality, improving planning and strategies. Considering all the factors of employees for maximum production and companys goals achievement is vital. Employees acknowledgment and appreciation are of high value to achieve the production efficiency with minimum supervision. Managers should accommodate an employee in case of a mistake when implementing change. Leaders should build and not be judgmental on ideas too quick and early. Managers should be open-minded when it comes to new ideas and protect the ideas and suggestion in case of critics. References Chaffey, Dave, and Gareth White. Business information management: improving performance using information systems. Pearson Education, 2010. Cummings, Thomas G., and Christopher G. Worley. Organization development and change. Cengage learning, 2014. Hayes, John. The theory and practice of change management. Palgrave Macmillan, 2014. Paton, Robert A., and James McCalman. Change management: A guide to effective implementation. Sage, 2008. Pugh, Lyndon. Change management in information services. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, Taylor Francis Group, 2016. Scheer, August-Wilhelm. Business process change management: ARIS in practice ; with 11 tables. Berlin: Springer, 2010. Thompson, John L., and Frank Martin. Strategic management: awareness change. Cengage Learning EMEA, 2010. Turner, J. Rodney. The handbook of project-based management. Vol. 92. New York, NY: McGraw-hill, 2014.

Life Essay Paper Example For Students

Life Essay Paper Life is a tricky thing. It will kick you in the butt one day. And help you up the next. The trick is to Fall down seven times get back up eight. Thats an old Chinese proverb. It just says the only mistake you can make is after failing not getting back up and trying again. You know what they say when life deals you a lemon make lemonade. Just make the best of what you have been given cause wishing for more will only lead you into jealousy and anger. Both of which are bad. So life isnt all bad but it isnt all good either. Life can be trouble but not all the time. After rain comes the good part. I mean you dont really expect life to be all honky dory do you? If you do all you are doing is being set up for disappointment because stuff happens. Your best friend may turn and stab you in the back. But in the process of losing a friend you just may meet a new one. So do not shut the door to good in a bad situation. Than no one wins. Especially not you. In life there are winners and losers, bosses and those under them. Dont worry for every dog has his day. In the race of life, there are winners. Not any losers. If you have survived in this world that makes you a winner. You must stare life in the face and embrace it. Take what comes to you. Dont be mad when it isnt what you wanted. Just be careful what you wish for, when you get you just may wish you were still wishing for it. You maybe surprised at what you get. All I am trying to say is life is complicated. Dont try to understand it, for you will just get even more confused. Love may come and go, but as long as it comes, you have nothing to worry about. No matter what people may tell you, you are not worthless. You matter to someone. Despite what people may tell you. Life will always be worth living. Life is such a tricky thing: isnt it?

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (Aids) free essay sample

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a killer disease, viewed as the deadliest disease that human kind has ever experienced is caused by the Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (Irwin et al xxv)   One is said to be suffering from AIDS when their immune system has completely been compromised by the virus.   According to Alexander and others in their distinguished book ‘Global AIDS’, â€Å"Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), is the medical designation for a set of symptoms, opportunistic infections and laboratory markers that indicate that one is in the advanced stage of HIV infection and has an impaired immune system†. (Irwin et al xxv). HIV Aids was first discovered in 1981 and as at 2005 approximately 40.3 million people were living with the virus. (Irwin et al 5). There are many myths surrounding the origin of HIV with some arguing that it originated from outer space or was artificially created and escaped from a laboratory. However it is argued that HIV is a natural virus that initially affected ape like creatures in Africa and man may have acquired the virus from close contacts with these creatures. We will write a custom essay sample on Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (Aids) or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (Johnson 11). Mode of transmission.   The HIV that causes Aids is transmitted through direct contact with infected body fluids which include semen, vaginal fluids or secretions, blood as well as breast milk. Pregnant mothers can pass the virus to their babies during delivery or when they are breast feeding them. (Irwin et al xxvi).   Aids has a long incubation period and one can live with the virus without any sign of illness for up to 10 years during which they may continue to spread the virus. Some people may however develop the clinical signs of Aids sooner than this time span and the opportunistic diseases will vary from one region to the next. For instance in the sub Saharan Africa, tuberculosis will be more common as opposed to America. During the incubation stage unless a test to confirm if one has the virus it is difficult to. This factor makes the spreading of the disease easy and faster. (Johnson 10). The good news about the HIV Aids is that unlike other diseases that are airborne and hence highly contagious this virus cannot be transferred through handshake or sneezing from infected persons. This implies that it can effectively be contained if people observed positive behavioral practices. Although research has it that HIV has been found in minimal quantities in infected people’s saliva, tears and sweat there are limited chances of one acquiring the virus through these secretions. HIV is unable to survive outside the host and will therefore not be transmitted when outside the host. Research has also established that insect’s bites such as mosquitoes do not transmit the HIV. (www.cdc.gov) Risk factors   The risk factors for the acquisition of the HIV AIDS include having unsafe sexual relationships with many partners as well as using intravenous drugs. There are however some social economic factors that increase the chances of one acquiring the virus. Poverty, discrimination as well as gender inequalities increase the chances of one acquiring the HIV. (Irwin et al xxviii). Women in the sub-Saharan Africa tend to be most affected by HIV Aids which could be attributed to the high level of gender inequality as well as poverty levels in the region. Extreme poverty sees some women result to prostitution where they cannot effectively negotiate for safer sex in the highly patriarchal societies. (Suad and Afsaneh 4). The polygamous nature of men in the region also has a role to play in the spreading of the virus in the sub Saharan region. Even in marriage some men are known t be promiscuous or unfaithful and though they may be aware of the danger this poses to them their wives continue to have unprotected sex with them. Gender discrimination sees many women get infected as their say is rarely respected. (Okeyo and Allen 20-25). Poverty also sees many young girls engage in sexual relationships with older men who offer them financial support. (Suad and Afsaneh 160). This increases their chances of contracting the virus as in these societies the pleasures of men will be prioritized to those of women. Negotiating for safer sex while there is a level of financial dependence and in a highly patriarchal society would be a difficult task. Preventive measures Since the major method in which the HIV AIDS is transmitted is through sexual intercourse with infected persons, the chances of being infected can therefore be reduced through the use of male or female condoms. Adoption of safer sex especially for those who have more than one sex partners can be an effective way of reducing the chances of getting infected. Proper usage of latex condoms can effectively reduce HIV aids transmissions. The lambskin condoms may not be very effective as they may have natural pores that can allow the passing of the virus from an infected partner to uninfected partner. (www.cdc.gov). Among the intravenous drug users the chances of contracting the virus can be significantly reduced if they stopped sharing needles as well as other injection equipment as one infected person can transmit it to other persons through this. (Johnson 15). The application of â€Å"PMTC† or the prevention from mother to child through short course antiretroviral medication before delivery can also has an important role to play in reducing the chances of transmission from the mother to the child. Blood supplies especially among the medical professionals must also be handled with care to avoid contracting the virus. (Irwin et al 9). People with the virus ought to live healthier lifestyles where they observe balanced diets, exercise well and have adequate rest. Rigorous education programs to ensure the creation of awareness across all populations is essential in all populations. People should be offered accurate information on how the virus is contracted, the behavioral risks and how they can prevent themselves from contracting it. (Nokes 3). Encouraging people to get tested is also an effective strategy as with this knowledge unknowing transmissions would be minimal. Treatment   Sadly, there is no known cure for Aids but through the antiretroviral medication (ARV), AIDS is medically managed. The ARV’s stops the HIV from replicating thus reducing the amount of virus that is running in a patient’s blood stream consequently restoring the immune function. The ARV treatment should be continued for life and it is known to have less severe side effects although with time patients may have some level of resistance to some medications. (Irwin et al   Xxvii).  However these medication is attributed for the reduced AIDS related deaths as well as the enhancement of life to those who apply it. Challenges curbing the war on Aids.   Barriers to effective prevention methods which are quite in clear in theory are associated with people’s cultural as well as economic orientation. Ignorance and misinformation about HIV aids continue to hinder the successful fight against the deadly disease. Another challenge is that despite their positive contribution is prolonging and enhancing the lives of many, the ARV medication remains inaccessible to many especially in the developing countries. (Irwin et al   xxviii). Some cultural backgrounds also make the war against Aids a difficult task especially in the third world countries where the topic of sexuality is perceived as a taboo and consequently highly avoided. Works cited: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV and Its Transmission. Retrieved on 13th May 2009 from http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/resources/factsheets/transmission.htm Irwin, Alexander, Millen Joyce and Fallows Dorothy. Global AIDS: myths and facts:   tools for fighting the AIDS pandemic. South End Press, 2003 Johnson, Paula. HIV and AIDS. The Rosen Publishing Group, 2007 Nokes, Kathleen.   HIV/AIDS and the older adult. Taylor Francis Publishers 1996 Okeyo, M. and Allen K. â€Å"Influence of widow inheritance in epidemiology of AIDS in Africa†. African Journal of Medical Practice vol 1 (1): 1994. 20-25. Suad Joseph and Afsaneh Najmabadi. Encyclopedia of Women Islamic Cultures:   Family, body, sexuality and health. Brill, Publisher 2003

greek essays

greek essays To put it bluntly: I am a mutt. I know for certain that my family tree holds ancestors of Greek, French, German, Irish, and Italian origin. I say for certain, because my grandmother on my mothers side was orphaned as a child, leaving her ethnic background up to many familial debates. However, it is my Greek heritage that is closest to me (my father was born there), and the one that has impacted my life most. I am completely enveloped in the culture, and practice many of its traditions, which I am all to eager to provide. I hope that you will find these particular traditions interesting, as well as somewhat entertaining. The first true tradition I can remember being passed down to me is a Christmas tradition. I was very young and my grandmother recounted for me why our fireplaces continually burn during the season, and simultaneously, one of the most humorous Greek folk legends: the legend of the "kalikantzaroi. The kalikantzaroi are tiny little creatures that look like elves. They live in the depths of the earth where their mission is to chop at a huge tree trunk that is the earth's foundation. They work all year round to accomplish this. Yet, when they are just about to complete their task, Christmas day arrives and they surface on earth for twelve days (from December 25 through January 6). During their visit they create havoc and play tricks on people. As a matter of fact, if anything unexplainable happens during those twelve days, the Greeks blame these creatures. Many leave their fireplace on for the duration of the twelve days to prevent the creatures from entering their house (they us ually come in through the chimney). The "kalikantzaroi" are afraid of fire, light, the cross, and holy water. For this reason, they disappear on the day of Epiphany when all the waters are blessed. However, when they return to the depths of the earth, they find the earth's tree trunk completely restored, due to ...

Foucaults Contribution to the Study of Punishment Essay

Foucaults Contribution to the Study of Punishment - Essay Example The briefest thing to be said about Discipline and Punish is that it is about how certain people who were subjects of a sovereign became subjects of a new kind. The people in question were lawbreakers, malefactors, criminals--those who were apprehended and punished for contravening the laws of the sovereign. They became and continue to be individuals who, having contravened the laws of societies having modern legal structures, undergo complex processing in institutionalized judicial and penal systems that center on the incarceration of offenders. Discipline and Punish are ostensibly about the change from lawful punishment as brutal monarchical vengeance to lawful punishment as humanized deterrence and rehabilitation. What the book is really about is the production of subjects through the imposition of disciplines; it is about how the process of constant observation, assessment, and control of inmates in the modern penitentiary manufactures new subjects through the employment of manag ement techniques that intrude into and govern every aspect of life. But what makes Discipline and Punish more than a study of penalty is its portrayal of techniques employed in the manufacture of these new subjects as those more widely used in the production of the contemporary norm-governed social individual. (Richard Marsden, 1999). Foucault's point of departure in rethinking a subject-matter is to impugn the commonplace, to query accepted knowledge. In applying genealogy to a penalty, Foucault impugns the commonplace view that our present penitentiary-centered penal system is the result of the progressive humanization of earlier, more ruthless methods of retributive punishment. Foucault begins by discussing how spectacular public punishments and executions constituted a standard procedure for dealing with lawbreakers in the European monarchical order to roughly the mid-eighteenth century.

Censorship in Television and Movies Research Paper

Censorship in Television and Movies - Research Paper Example Hollywood has been influenced by the censorship requirements since as early as 1930s. The Hays Code may be termed as one of the earliest attempts made by the president of Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America (MPPDA) to bring a level of security, harmony and just expressionism within the field. Hays highlighted the issues which were or could impact the society negatively. Hays contributions were to hold back the nudity, sexuality, profanity, violence and the like factors which were eminent in the then media. The reputable position of Hays code pressurized the studios on accepting the codes and following them in order to stay in business. The studios also followed the code in order to avoid any boycotts against their studios which may have severe financial implications. To avoid any uncalled circumstances studios chose to follow the code requirements. During 1966 the social changes increased the censorship requirements at local and public level. The public responses led to the elimination of scenes which they found ethically, morally or socially harmful, boycotts against such movies or media content and refusal to show certain scenes. However, the censorship policies are somehow limiting the freedom of speech, expression and the freedom to take informed position due to lack of knowledge of the whole issue. Censorship limits the media content to show one side of the picture which is normally termed as the brighter side. Non-exposure to the social evils like sexuality issues, nudity and governmental and other corruption limits the thoughts and knowledge of the public regarding their own society which they have the power and ability to change (Bernstein 1999). One of the basic aims of censorship is to avoid the delicate matters like sexuality and sexual issues. People argue that sexuality and the related issues as exposed on the television and movies are having negative impact on our society. People are getting more and more conversant with sexuality and at an early age are sexually active due to media portrayal including the exposure in the movies and the television. However, it should be noted that knowing about an evil does not assure evil acts of the people. Knowing things help people in keeping themselves from such things and also educate them to combat situations where they may be harmed by them. Sexual education in the modern society is a crucial issue. People, and specially the younger generation, often risk their physical, social and mental wellbeing due to unawareness about unsafe sex and its consequences. The disease and the outcomes of sexual relationships which surround the lives of the individuals throughout their life span can be portrayed through movies and television content to increase awareness among the youth about the horrors of such acts. In response to the claims made in favor of censorship to avoid sexuality and related issues, it can be argued that media is used to educate people and increase their unde rstanding which helps in reducing issues like HIV, abortions, maternal deaths, illegal children, single parent children and so on (Semonche 2007). Censorship clearly breaches the freedom of press, speech and expressionism. Placing limitations on the film makers and television programs directly influence their exposure of the reality which would have been otherwise exposed. Media plays a vital role in directing the thoughts and viewpoints of the public towards a certain goal.

Music -Blues Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Music -Blues - Assignment Example The new living conditions experienced by the Negros made them to start blues music as a form of appropriating and deconstructing white musical elements. These musical conducts created the images of solitary and a need for modifying the Negro’s way of life and new structure. Most blues-singers were considered as outcasts even among their own race because many of the laws that had been made at the time, which divided the Africans amongst themselves. The AAB format uses the 12 bar structure and is a common structure in blues music. AAB denotes the structure of every individual verse in a song and is often used as a compound form in both melody and lyrics. An example of a song, which uses the format, is Pride and Joy 1983 uploaded on February 8, 2010 and was produced on December 6 1983 at the CHCH Studios in Canada-Hamilton. The recording artists for the song are Stevie Ray Vaughan and Albert King. The song is about love and does not comprise one of the topics that reflected the hostility and desire for success among the

The Function Of Subtitle

The Function Of Subtitle According to Mitterer H, McQueen JM, their book named Foreign Subtitle Help but Native Language Subtitle Harm Foreign Speech Perception. Understanding the foreign speech is not easy in common, especially because of unusual mapping between sounds and words. It is known that audiences in their native language can use lexical knowledge (about now words ought to sound) to learn how to pronouns an unusual foreign word in the movie. Subtitles are normally prepared in a movie, to provide lexical information, support perceptual learning about foreign speech for those audiences. According to Cai Q, Brysbaert M, his book SUBTLEX-CH: Chinese Word and Character. Subtitles are also makes video more accessible for people with hearing disabilities or deaf. It is hard to listen when the unfamiliar regional accent is in unfamiliar foreign languages. The unusual foreign vowels and consonants may mismatch more with native sound categories, seriously will fail to match any native category. This situation arises, for example, when we watch a film in a non-native language, a Malaysian listener, fluent in English and Chinese, watching a Thailand movie. He or she may have considerable difficulty understanding the language used in the movie. To adopt all those films or movie into target language culture, filmmakers use dubbing, voice-over and subtitles to make the movie more acceptable to those foreign countries. Besides, subtitles can translate speech, signs, letters and show sounds to aid the deaf and hard of hearing to understand more and follow the plot of the film. According to encyclopedia, it said that subtitle is used to interpret previously unheard words in a movie for those audiences. The ability to encode rules and to detect rule-violating events outside the focus of attention is vital for adaptive behavior. Our brain recordings reveal that violations of abstract auditory rules are processed even when the sounds are absent. When subjects performed a task related to the sounds but not to the rule, rule violations impaired task related to the sounds but not to the rule, rule violations impaired task performance and activated a network involving supratemporal, parietal and frontal areas although none of the subjects acquired explicit knowledge of the rule or became aware of rule violations. The finding that this happens even when subjects do not present the sounds supports the hypothesis that abstract rule encoding occurs unintentionally. The temporal and structural characteristics of the relevant brain response (MMN) were virtually identical in all conditions, that is, when subjects were ignoring the sounds, when they attended the sounds but rules were task-irrelevant, and when they attended the sounds and rules were task-relevant.( Schrà ¶ger E, Bendixen A, Trujillo-Barreto NJ, Roeber U ,2007) According to the Wikipedia, It announces that subtitles displayed at the bottom of a movie or television screen that translate or transcribes the dialogue or narrative in the movie. It is also giving additional information about its content like monolog, mind-thinking and emotion. Those subtitles can be in different categories: narrative, forced, content, titles only, bonus, localized and extended/expanded. While distributing content, subtitles can appear in one of 3 types: Hard (also known as hard-subtitles or open subtitles), Prerendered (also known as closed subtitles are separate video frames that are overlaid on the original video stream while playing), Soft (also known as soft-subtitles or closed subtitles). The positive effects of subtitles According to Mitterer H and McQueen JM, their book Foreign Subtitle Help but Native Language Subtitle Harm Foreign Speech Perception, what the group found the greatest advantage of subtitles is the fact that it preserves the original audio track. Thanks to the subtitles, the actors speak with their original voice, and the ambience sounds are not disrupted by voice-over or inserted dubbing recordings. When the audiences read the subtitles, they will more understand about the action, emotion and the expression by the actors in the movie. Thus, the audiences will become more interest and can be followed the part on the movie. The subtitles in a movie also focus on the speech act of characters. Audience can follow the movie by reading the subtitles at the bottom of the screen. It serve as an aid not only for the deaf and hard of hearing, but also for people who learn the foreign languages or who need visual aid aside form audio input for study. It is to ensure the studying foreign langua ge process is effective. So the effects are more important than lexical elements. Subtitles in the language of the film indicate which words are being spoken, and so can boost speech learning about foreign speech sounds and pronouns. The listeners can learn to interpret an ambiguous phoneme on the basis of disambiguating lexical contexts. That is why the movie always has prepared the foreign subtitles for the audiences. According to Cai Q, Brysbaert M, the book was named SUBTLEX-CH: Chinese Word and Character. Subtitles given the prior work on lexical retuning within the native language, and the suggestion that adaptation to foreign-accented speech is in part lexically driven, may be lexical retuning also in second-language listening. That is, listeners may be able to retune speech-sound categories based on their knowledge about how foreign words ought to sound or pronouns. Within subtitles, those listeners can learn about unfamiliar regional accents in a foreign language in the movie by reading subtitles prepared. It is a mechanism of lexically-guided perceptual learning. English subtitles should give provided in the most of the films, because it is international language. It can provide the extra information about the words being spoken by a character. According to encyclopedia.com, subtitles are a very useful ways of communicating what is being said on the movie to deaf people. Subtitles are also used for many other reasons than this, and deaf people often prefer not to have them or to use another method because of the drawback of subtitling. In addition, foreign movie are often subtitled to allow the people who do not know the language to follow the action. As a good example, a lot of Thailand movie are subtitled with English for the audiences to make sure the movie acceptable by others in foreign countries like Malaysia. According to the United Kingdom News and magazine, there wrote some comment about the subtitles. Subtitles can provide an additional source of information about the words that being spoken, and hence the sounds being heard, and so ought to reinforce lexically-guided learning. Our database is the first to include information about the contextual diversity of the words and to provide good frequency estimates for multi-character words and the different syntactic roles in which the words are used. The word frequencies are freely available for research purposes. Subtitles are a good estimate of daily language exposure and capture much of the variance in words processing efficiency. According to the Wikipedia, it announces that subtitle is a blessing and it really helps the people to understand the plot of the movie. It is also not a problem for people who watching movie in an overload background music and ambient noise environment. It is a good reason why the parents can take care their child when watching a movie. If you do not understand a word that have been spoken by the actor, you may look at the subtitle, it helps hearing impaired people understand a movie. People will more understand what the characters are saying and get a better idea of what is happening. The negative effects of subtitles Subtitles are limited both in time and space. An average subtitle consists of one or two lines of text, maximum 35 characters each. This limitation combined with the fact that on subtitle is at most displayed for four seconds gives us hard time to cover long utterances in dialogs.(Richard Curtis, 2003) According to United Kingdom News and magazine, another main disadvantage is the subtitles are mainly aiming at literate people with reading skills developed to a high extent. It is required from audience to read quick enough and do not only concentrate on the subtitles, but also the image above or just behind the subtitles, and often requires from them to use both skills simultaneously. Is that impossible concentrates on both in a whole movie? Of course, for non-deaf people they can still hear the emotion in an actors voice even if it is in a different or foreign language but it is not easy to follow so many things. Other countries prefer to dub program and film-where an actor speaking the language of the country where it is to be shown is recorded over the original language. But this is costly and time consuming and only worth the while of the crew if it is to be shown to a large number of people. But again, similar arguments prevail with regards to nuances being lost-especially as the subtitles tend to be an exact translation rather than taking idiom into account, and emotions being lost. Leo Freedman has a comment about the problem. I saw a superb subtitle mistake a couple of month agoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦there was a report on the news about a new employment policy that would benefit millions of unemployed and impoverished Indian citizens à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the subtitle read If this policy works, it may be set to achieve even more that my hammock man Ghandi! That kept me amused for weeks! Or maybe Muhatma had a hammock company I am unaware of? According to the Wikipedia, it said that translation of subtitling is sometimes very different from the translation of written text. Usually, the editor will watch the picture and listen to the audio sentence by sentence when a film or a movie is subtitled. The editor may or may not have access to a written transcript of the dialog. Especially in commercial subtitles, the editor often interprets what is meant, rather than translating how it is said, meaning being more important than form. The audience does not always appreciate this, and it can be frustrating to those who know some of the spoken language, because spoken language may contain verbal padding or culturally implied meaning, in confusing words, if not adapted in the written subtitles. The editor does this when the dialog must be condensed in order to achieve an acceptable reading speed, it purpose being more important than form. The result suggested that foreign subtitles are very helpful but that native-language subtitles provide no benefit or less benefit. Only one study focused on phonological processing; negligible benefits for non-native subtitles were found. Clear predictions can nevertheless still be made about the effects of subtitle language on speech learning. If lexically-guided retuning operates in second-language listening, and is open to any influence from subtitles, then the influence should depend on the language of the subtitles. According to encyclopedia.com, the native subtitles may be easier for observes to read, but providing misleading or misunderstand information about the phonological forms being spoken. If the audiences are more concentrated in reading the subtitles than is watching the movie, he or she will not learn the new language. The audience can hear the original sound, voice of the movie and see the correct timing of expressions on the actors faces as they speak their lines? This is hard to finish reading the subtitles at the bottom of a movie because it is past fast and not easy to digest. Lowering sight towards the bottom of the movie while reading the subtitles can become tiresome and/or distract from appreciating details, facial expressions and the emotion of those actors. The audience might be having such a good time reading the subtitle that is could prevent from watching the actual movie, it could block things in the movie and make audiences hard to focus on the action.

An Analysis of Humes Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion Essay

An Analysis of Hume's Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion ABSTRACT: Hume's Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion (1779) may be read in the way Cleanthes (and Philo as well) reads Nature, as analogous to human artifice and contrivance. The Dialogues and Nature then are both texts, with an intelligent author or Author, and analogies may be started from these five facts of Hume's text: the independence of Hume's characters; the non-straightforwardness of the characters' discourse; the way the characters interact and live; the entanglements of Pamphilus as an internal author; and the ways in which a reader is also involved in making a dialogue. These and other analogies should reflect upon the Author of Nature as they do upon Hume's authorship: They do not prove the existence of their respective authors, but may well shed some light on the nature of these disparate beings. The bulk of Hume's Dialogues concerning Natural Religion is given over to two discussions of "the" so-called argument from design. (1) In Part 2 Cleanthes succinctly states an "argument a posteriori" that attempts to "prove at once the existence of a Deity, and his similarity to human mind and intelligence." According to this argument, the world and its parts are (like) intricate machines or human contrivances, implying "by all the rules of analogy" that their cause, "the Author of Nature," is a designing intelligence (all 2.5.Cleanthes to Demea and Philo). Philo then subjects this argument to various and withering criticisms in Parts 2-8, although he later ends up confessing, more than once, (2) his inability to deny the powerful attraction this form of argument and its natural theological conclusion has for everyone, himself included. In Parts 10 and... ...otelian Society Supplementary Volume 18, 179-228. Tweyman, Stanley. 1986. Scepticism and Belief in Hume's Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff. Williams, B. A. O. 1963. "Hume on Religion," in David F. Pears, ed. David Hume: A Symposium. London: Macmillan; New York: St. Martin's Press, 77-88. Wollheim, Richard, ed. 1963. Hume on Religion. London: William Collins Sons/Fontana Library. (editor's introduction, 7-30) Wood, Forrest E., Jr. 1971. "Hume's Philosophy of Religion as Reflected in the Dialogues." Southwestern Journal of Philosophy II, 185-193. Yandell, Keith E. 1976. "Hume on Religious Belief." In Livingston, Donald W. and James T. King, eds. Hume: A Re-Evaluation. New York: Fordham University Press, 109-125. ________. 1990. Hume's "Inexplicable Mystery": His Views on Religion. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

Properties of Gases

Heather Schnicker 26 October 2012 Experiment # 4 (Lab 3) Properties of Gases PURPOSE The purpose of this experiment was to investigate and identify the chemical properties of the gases tested. DATA Gas| FLAME REACTION| GLOWING SPLINT| LIMEWATER REACTION| BROMOTHYMOL BLUE REACTION| Hydrogen| NO REACTION| Â  | Â  | Â  | Oxygen| Â  | BURNED BRIGHTER| Â  | Â  | Hydrogen & Oxygen| QUICK FLAME BURST| Â  | Â  | Â  | Carbon Dioxide| Â  | PUT THE FIRE OUT| NO REACTION| TURNED YELLOW| Alka Seltzer| Â  | Â  | BUBBLED| Â  | Breath| Â  | Â  | HUGE BUBBLES| Â  | CONCLUSIONBased off this experiment it made me realize that the reactions are much more different when comparing an acidic or basic solution. By doing these experiments at home also proves a point in that knowing what type of reaction to expect is a must. QUESTIONS A. Give two reasons why we fill the gas generator test tubes almost to the top with chemicals. * To get as much gas as possible without any air * Some of the chemicals could react with the oxygen that is filling up the rest of the test tube B. What happens to the zinc in the hydrogen generation experiment? * It dissolvesC. What happens to the manganese in the oxygen generation experiment? * The manganese acted as a catalyst D. Write a balanced equation for the reaction between 02 and H2? -H2 + H2 +02= 2H20 E. What is the function/purpose of the bromothymol blue in the C02 experiment? -To show how acidic solutions react differently than basic solutions E. Bromothymol blue is blue in the presence of basic solutions, and yellow in the presence of acidic solutions. If your solution is a murky green, what might you assume about a solution? -It is a mixture of acidic and basic solutions

A Shattered Silence in The Chosen Essay Example

A Shattered Silence in The Chosen Essay Example A Shattered Silence in The Chosen Essay A Shattered Silence in The Chosen Essay Essay Topic: The Chosen Nobody likes to be given the â€Å"silent treatment†, but imagine having all of your young life be a long and grueling silence; irritation and aggravation are natural reactions to when one is ignored or has been given a response of silence. Danny is distraught, he beats himself up over why his father acts the way he does, but he still has the mind to believe that it is for a reason. Throughout his life, Danny has been given the response of his father’s silence, a mystery to many, for any situation besides the study of the Torah. These long silences from Danny’s father is strange and misunderstood by everyone who interprets it, but Danny soon learns why his father has raised him in a silent tornado of confusion, pain, and misery. Throughout Chaim Potok’s The Chosen, he illustrates how Danny and Reuven both struggle with silence in many ways and how it is a mystery to the both, brings pain into their lives, and the way silence makes one realize who they real ly are. The silence brings confusion into the large array of emotions, which the characters of The Chosen all have experienced in their lifetime making it a mystery of it being good or bad. We start off this novel with the unknown silence between Danny and Reuven; how they â€Å"lived within five blocks of each other and neither of us knew of the existence of the other.† (11) This gives the reader a way to understand not only the silence between the two boys, but the silence that Hasidic Jews and non-Hasidic Jews share due to their varying ideas and interpretation of the Torah. The boys share the silence of being unaware of each other because of these beliefs. Chaim Potok shows this confusion through Reuven: â€Å"Im all mixed up about you. Im not trying to be funny or anything. I really am mixed up about you. You look like a Hasid, but you dont sound like one. You dont sound like what my father says Hasidim are supposed to sound like† (86). Reuven is in silence for who Hasidi

Essay Sample on Playground My Point of View

Essay Sample on Playground My Point of View â€Å"The playground† The smiling grass gives the impression of a healthy feeding by animals. The shining star from the East gives a sparkling outlook on the court giving the best of all Mother Nature can offer. The greenly parchments on the playground are a mouth-watering sight with kids displaying their skills in football and basketball. The movement of their feet resembling hockey sticks entails the search for happiness, compassion and togetherness by the kids. The running ball is all they want; the skinny ones are the fastest while the elephants bulldoze their tusks, as they chase the football. The shouting increases as the ball rolls to the east side chased by the impala fast handsome kid towards the trembling lily between the thin, tall gaping goal posts. A thunderous shot leaves a shaking net in its wake. Shouts of joy and jubilation fill the air. â€Å"Tap, tap, tap† as they move outdoing each other and â€Å"yeeeeees† the dunk is in. Clapping and shouting fills, the air with ecstas y and joy. The appealing smell of dust hits the nose as celebrations continue. Thumping of feet marks the end of celebrations. An amazing adventure it has turned out to be. â€Å"The other part of playing† The glaring sun seemed to request sweat from anyone including grass, which was determined not to give in. Everyone in the field is profusely sweating and the odor produced gives the housefly healthy competition. The moment the wonder strike was executed the faces of the kids in team A turned red. The embarrassment imprinted on their faces will take a decade to erase. Scampering to safety is Kaci the brown round faced little puppy without a care in this world but ensuring its tail is invisible between its thin legs. I am left wondering if it also knows the pain of losing. Coughing dust allergic kids deteriorates an already worse situation as they seem to want to outdo each other. Ooh, my God, the goalkeeper laments, the worst happens and is thinking of the career ahead of him. Clutching dipped heads in a line the movements certainly homebound. For today, that is, all they got and the pain of losing engraved in their minds as they depart. The grass in an illusion of their former self a re tired and sleepy; how good would the healing waters flow to drawn the sorrows of the day. Clicking cameras, their invention a big blunder, claim their stake in this piece of history. What an uncontrollable environment that has turned a field to a pool of emotional kids.

The Real Meaning of the Type of Animal Caregiving Research Paper

The Real Meaning of the Type of Animal Caregiving - Research Paper Example Animal rights advocates have been campaigning for the proper treatment and care of every being other than man. One of the most popular advocacies is the crusade against the use of fur as a wardrobe that well-known fashion models have been supporting. It is also known all over that dog-fighting is highly discouraged. There are a lot of animal rights to enumerate. But as people become aware of the animals’ privileges are they also conscious of proper veterinary care for these beings? Veterinary care is sort of mind, not just the animals’ welfare, but their health in particular. Understanding the term and its etymology will help us understand the real meaning of this type of animal caregiving. Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary (â€Å"Veterinary†) states that the term veterinary derives from a Latin word veterinarians that pertains to beasts of burden. It is similar to the Latin veter- and fetus that is related to the practice or the knowledge in â€Å"prevention, c ure, or alleviation of disease and injury in animals, especially domestic animals.† The people who practice such skill and knowledge are called veterinarians. They also carry the title of â€Å"doctor.† But veterinarians are often regarded with lesser professional esteem compared to the physicians of human beings. Hence, few have developed an interest in this field. But why is veterinary care important? Apart from rabies, there are already a number of deadly animal diseases known to the world, one of which is avian influenza. These diseases can also be fatal when transmitted to humans.

Organ Transplants Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Organ Transplants - Research Paper Example As such, these determinations must be based on fair and equitable criteria, including rate of success, medical need, and length of time on the waiting list. In any case, these criteria have managed to ensure the logical, as well as the unbiased distribution of organs to those who need it the most. Organ Transplants Organ transplants are one of the many innovations in healthcare which are currently gaining popular clinical application. This practice is mostly done in order to replace a failing or diseased organ in the hope of extending and/or improving a patient’s life. This paper shall discuss about organ transplants and related information pertaining to its applications. This essay is being carried out in order to establish a clear and comprehensive understanding of organ transplants and how they apply to the clinical practice. Discussion WebMd (2010) discusses that organ transplants are medical procedures carried out in order to replace a â€Å"failing organ with a healthy organ†. Organs which can be transplanted include kidneys, liver, heart, pancreas, lungs, and small intestines (WebMD, 2010). Not all people can be considered for this procedure and a series of tests have to be undertaken first in order to determine a person’s viability for such procedure. ... Now, many of these transplants are considered routine procedures for hospitals (WebMD, 2010). The rate of success for these procedures are based on various factors, including the organ being transplanted, the number of organs being transplanted, and the disease which causing the organ failure (WebMD, 2010). In the US, there are about 59 organ procurement organizations which furnish deceased donor organs to the transplant centers (Nathan, Conrad, Held, Pietroski, Siminoff, and Ojo, 2003). Out of these procurement groups, 50 operate independently, and nine are hospital-based. The procurement organizations have a connected geographical area which are considered as recovery centers for organs for the various hospitals in the area (Nathan, et.al., 2003). In determining the viability of organ donation, the time, the manner, and the place of the donor’s death are usually considered (POST, 2004). More often than not, organ donors are those whose brain functions have ceased, but whose organs are still viable and are â€Å"being maintained by medical support† (POST, 2004, p. 1). With current improvements in medical care, including the prolongation of human life, the number of these donors, otherwise known as heart beating donors, has decreased (POST, 2004). Other methods of procuring organs have been considered in order to fill in the gaps of organ need and most of the alternatives have been directed towards living donations, mostly for kidneys and livers. Some of these organs have also been retrieved shortly after patient deaths following critical illness and road accidents (POST, 2004). Since 2002, based on federal rules, the designation of the procurement organizations were made

FINAL PROJECT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

FINAL PROJECT - Essay Example Accounting and Management Accounting and management are usually fused into a single career commonly referred to management accounting which is usage of information for improved control of firms. As such, management accounting forms an important faucet of organizational management at all levels in a company (Atkinson et al 82). Within the structures of leadership in organizations, there are different decisions that need to be made by heads of departments. In order to make these decisions, the leaders have to overcome several challenges which involve consulting with other employees. Consulting on the other hand involves communication and therefore communication plays a central role in the career of accounting management. It follows then that a person practicing in this field has to have at least two solid backgrounds of education in financial accounting and management disciplines (Shah, Malik and Malik 6). This is only possible when one is a specialist in business field and furthered o ne of the two disciplines in masters. Role of Communication Communication forms an important aspect of everyday life since human beings are relational in nature. In the world of business, effective communication should be an important tool that ensures good relations within a firm and clients that are served by the firm. Collaborative communication whereby different stakeholders in an organization have free of information is quite important in ensuring client satisfaction and increasing the profitability of a company. Accounting matters are sensitive because they involve financial matters where clients are very keen on knowing how their money is being handled to ensure profitability. The main of business entities in engaging in financial matters is to make gains and be competitive in the corporate world. As such, communication is quite important in how different matters are handled in the accounting departments (Koski, Ehlen, and Saxby 86). Information economics views the management of accounting as an important tool that helps in decision making. This tool is useful in providing signals that are influence decision making in the uncertain nature of financial matters. Therefore, the effectiveness of accounting management is often measured by ripple effects of a person’s usage of the different utilities found within it. Some decisions can be disastrous especially if they are not based on sound accounting and economical principles whereas others can be advantageous. In this regards, it is important for people working within the management and accounting fields to have regular communication so that they may freely exchange ideas. Collapse of many financial institutions has been blamed on poor communication mainly in failure to communicate important decisions. When communication is not done in good time, important and crucial decisions fail to be made leading to crumbling of financial institutions (Kaplan 405). Overview of the Industry The management account ing industry or career utilizes financial as well as non financial information to make important decisions that can propel organizations towards achieving their goals. It therefore focuses on present and future opportunities so that it can propel itself into greater heights in terms of performance. Many may think that there are no limitations in its but they do exist especially those that come about due to value-added principle. This principle dictates that

Effects of gambling Essay Example for Free

Effects of gambling Essay Most people with gambling problems say they lost control over how much time and money they spend gambling. Meanwhile, they ignored other responsibilities. For them, gambling is an activity that are important to them. Those who gamble excessively often bring problems for the one they love. The effects of gambling can be classified into individuals, family and the society. Each of them had different aspect. With the problems that been brought by those gamblers, they brought many troubles to many peoples. They considered as an ignoble person. The effects that affected an individual are normally harm themselves. Once a gambler lose in a gamble, they will become anxious and unhappy, and often hate themselves very much. Therefore, they will do something stupid like borrow money from those loan sharks, commit suicide and even involved in some criminal cases such as robbery, murder, etc. The urge of gamble is hard to resists because of the reason they win continuosly. Once they won one time, they will continue to gamble to win more to satisfy their satisfaction. If once they lose, they will not give up easily due to they cannot accept the fact they had lose and scared to be a loser. Therefore, they will never give up any chance to gamble if there are just an uncertain chance to win. Some people still believe their system will pay off, their luck will change or they are due to win. Some people promised to quit gamble, but they cannot, but they afraid their love one will find them out. This drives them into fear and further into debt. In addition to, a gambler will also harm themselves because of gambling. All the gamblers face different problems, mainly like divorce, debt collection by those loan sharks, suffer from illness, many hassles in different aspects. Other than individuals, there are effects that affected family. Gambling problems hurt families in many ways, such as money problems. Money problems defined as family members that knew that savings, property or belongings have been lost, it can make them feel angry, betrayed and anxious. Through this problem, it caused family breakdown and caused the children to be in a single parent family. By the way, gamble will cause emotional problems and isolation. Gambling problems cause strong feelings among family members, which make it harder to solve problems. The partners of those gambler that is with problems do not want to get close with them because they the gambler hurt them. Due to this problem, it caused divorce and break up. In other hand, family members will avoid from other people because they felt ashamed of their family member that gamble excessively and they had been backstabbed by many people. Physical and mental health is another effect. The stress of gambling problems sometimes causes health problems. A person that gamble excessively will had health problems, same to their family members. This included anxiety, depression and stress-related problems like insomnia, ulcer, headaches and many illness that will strongly impact their health. Burnout also is one of the effect that affected a personal. Many families under stress have trouble coping. They often cope cause of money and the family member dislike the gambler. The gambler keep on taking more tasks will lead to burnout too. Once the plan that the gambler planned had fail, this will lead to causing problems. Family members often forget to take care themselves or to have fun. Gambling will bring great impacts on children. A family that with a gambler parent that with gamble problem will always let the children feel forgotten, depressed and anxious. The parent gamble all the time, therefore they will not put more attention on their children but on gamble. Some children may stop trusting their parents due to the unfaithfulness, but some children may draw attention away from the parent with gambling problem by misbehaving. Nowadays, the society also been affected by the problems of gambling. The unsteady of economic is one of the reason. Due to the bankruptcy of a personal will affected the economic growth. In addition, during the time of economic success, casinos tend to take labour supply away from neighbouring business. Casinos offer higher wages, hence many employees from other business such as restaurant, saloon will leave the neighbouring business and work for casinos. Customers that are normally went to the restaurant now instead go to the casino for foods. This demonstrates how not all growth by a casino can be attributed as economic growth, sometimes casinos merely transfer growth from other businesses into their own. It would never dawn on them that the casino itself would never pay out more than it brings in. There would not be many people are lucky enough to win big, maybe just one in a million. The others are just donating money to their cause. On the extreme side, people have committed suicide because their lives have totally been turned upside down due to the addiction. Due to commit suicide, the society might lose some genius, talents to develop the country. In addition, gambling will cause our country to be in a extinct situation because of gambling, therefore will affected family problems. Due to bankruptcy, it caused many people to face unemployment and because of this, it will affect the growth of economic. Once the gamblers put all their efforts into gambling, it will affect their working efficiency. When they had addicted to gambling, they will not have the effort to work. It will greatly affect the firm businesses, therefore the head of the firm will remove the post of the gambler and asked the worker to resign by themselves. Because of this, it caused many unemployment in the country. There are few ways that building a casino could result in no increased benefits for the region. Examples like, local residents who used to go to restaurants now spend their money in the casino. Then the casino has no net economic benefit. Other than this, tourists who used to spend money on other activities within the region now go to a gambling facility within the region. In addition, to have many casinos in our country, it will greatly affected neighbouring business. Locally-owned businesses go bankrupt because consumers have changed their expenditures to casinos that happen to be owned by out-of-state interests. A casino buy more products from out of state than the businesses they replace, therefore it had brought great impact to the local business. Besides that, Casinos result in increased social costs including police and other public services as well as the costs of pathological and problem gamblers. These issues will be addressed shortly. This will affect the tourism in a same time.

Neurosurgeon and Patient :: Neurology Medical Health Essays

Neurosurgeon and Patient Brain injury is an unexpected and complex disability. The brain can be damaged in many ways: as a result of an accident, a stroke, alcohol or drug abuse, tumors, poisoning, infection and disease, hemorrhage, near drowning, AIDS, and a number of other things such as Parkinson’s disease, Multiple Sclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease. The human brain is one of the most vital and complex organs in the human body. It is where we store our thoughts, feelings and all of our learned behavior. The parietal lobe is the lobe of the cerebral cortex that is at the top of the brain, which processes information in reference to touch, taste, pressure, pain, and heat and cold. The parietal lobes can be divided into two functional regions. One involves sensation and perception and the other is concerned with integrating sensory input, primarily with the visual system. The first function integrates sensory information to form a single precept (cognition). The second function constructs a spatial coordinate system to represent the world around us. Individuals with damage to the parietal lobes often show striking deficits, such as abnormalities in body image and spatial relations (Kandel, Schwartz & Jessel, 1991).Damage to the left parietal lobe can result in what is known as "Gerstmann's Syndrome." This syndrome’s effects include right- left confusion, difficulty with writing (agraphia) and difficulty with mathematics (acalculia). It can also yield disorders of language (aphasia) and the inability to perceive objects normally (agnosia). Damage to the right parietal lobe can result in neglecting part of the body or space (contralateral neglect), which can impair many self-care skills such as dressing and washing. Right side damage can also cause difficulty in making things (constructional apraxia), denial of deficits (anosagnosia) and drawing ability. (Kimura,D.1977) Bi- lateral damage (large lesions to both sides) can cause "Balint's Syndrome," a visual attention and motor syndrome. This is characterized by the inability to voluntarily control the gaze (ocular apraxia), inability to integrate components of a visual scene (simultanagnosia), and the inability to accurately reach for an object with visual guidance (optic ataxia). Special deficits (primarily to memory and personality) can occur if there is damage to the area between the parietal and temporal lobes. Left parietal-temporal lesions can effect verbal memory and the ability to recall strings of digits (Warrington & Weiskrantz, 1977reland et al.

Eating Disorders :: essays research papers

As field hockey began in late August I thought that she was a lot better, but, as time went on, I found out that she was not any better than when she left school last May. She was really getting worse. Living with someone that has an eating disorder is very hard. My college roommate, also my field hockey teammate suffers from an eating disorder called bulimia. She is now not playing field hockey because she is so bad that her heart can stop at any moment, and she could die. As an athlete there are many pressures to look and to be your best. Female athletes often try to lose weight to improve their game, to keep in shape or even just because of the pressures. Christy Henrich, a world-class gymnast, died in 1994 from anorexia. Her mother told Scott Reid (2005) of the Buffalo News was that, "the first thing [other athletes] told [Christy] was if there's something you want to eat, eat it and throw it up. That's the first thing you learn when you're on the U.S. national team." Pressures come from all over not just from your parents, coaches, teammates and fans. They can show up anywhere. There are many different kinds of eating disorders, from bulimia to anorexia to diet pill abuse to laxative abuse and many more (Otil,103). But the most common that we know of are bulimia and anorexia. Bulimia is a disease when a person eats a lot of food in a short amount of time (called bingeing) and then tries to prevent weight gain by purging. Anorexia is when you starve yourself in fear of gaining weight. As Richard Carey (1997) says in his article, an estimated in 1995 that 20% of college age women and 10% of adult women have suffered from eating disorders. An estimated 1,000,000 teenagers are affected by eating disorders. As many at 90% of all individuals with eating disorders are female this leaves only 10% of males. When it comes to losing weight there is a right way and a wrong way. For some of us we don’t know the right for the wrong. And that’s when an eating disorder steps in. Our body needs the chemical and neurological balance to be healthy. And when you resort in an unhealthy weight loss like not eating (anorexia) or bingeing and purging (bulimia) the chemical and neurological become unbalanced.

Influence to Hong Kong as an International Logistics Hub

[pic] Influence to Hong Kong as an international logistics hub – under the â€Å"Framework Agreement on Hong Kong and Guangdong Co-operation† | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Influence to Hong Kong as an international logistics hub – under the â€Å"Framework Agreement on Hong Kong nd Guangdong Co-operation† cvnru1ulicenen6. iewst4d)0/su18. 4h06k244-055322175 (on ABSTRACT On 7 April 2010, The Chief Executive, Mr Donald Tsang, and the Governor of Guangdong Province, Mr Huang Huahua, signed the Framework Agreement on Hong Kong and Guangdong Co-operation. The Framework Agreement builds on years of closely co-operation between Hong Kong and Guangdong. This report reviews the development of Co-operation Agreement between Guangdong and Hong Kong and the implementation of Hong Kong’s logistics industry based on the agreement.To fully understand this Framework Agreement, we explore the challenges confronting Hong Kong as an international logistic hub and event ually acquire some benefits through the co-operation of Hong Kong and Guangdong. REVIEW THE DEVELOPMENT OF CO-OPERATION AGREEMENT BETWEEN PEARL RIVER DELTA AND HONG KONG The Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement – CEPA (signed on June 2003) CEPA introduced liberalization measures for various â€Å"Hong Kong service suppliers†.Logistics industry is one of the â€Å"Hong Kong service suppliers† and recognized to set up wholly-owned enterprises in mainland to provide logistics, international freight forwarding, storage, warehousing, road transport and shipping services. This arrangement not only provided opportunities to Hong Kong logistics companies to access mainland market but also liberated trade in goods and trade in services between mainland and Hong Kong.Pan-Pearl River Delta Regional Co-operation Framework Agreement (signed on June 2004) The Pearl River Delta region(PRD), as known as â€Å"9+2†, which includes Guangdong, Fuji an, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hong Kong and Macau. Under this agreement, the Pearl River Delta region cooperated closely and intensively in infrastructure, trade, industry, investment and other areas. Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macau have entered a new stage of economic integration. Pan-Pearl River Delta Logistics Development Co-operation Agreement (signed on July 2005) Logistics industry acts as an important role in economic development.This agreement aimed to strengthen the coordination on logistics planning; logistics and transport system; logistics information system and human resources development and technological innovation. It was a remarkable stage of model logistics development in PRD. Framework Agreement on Hong Kong and Guangdong Co-operation (signed on July 2010) To continue the implementation of CEPA, the Framework Agreement on Hong Kong and Guangdong Co-operation clearly defined the social economic development between Hong Kong and Guang dong.It enhanced Hong Kong’s position as an international financial centre and expedited the development of financial services industries in Guangdong; it also facilitated the flow of key factors such as people, goods, information and capital across the boundary to build an international aviation, shipping and logistics hub and a world-class modern economic circulation sphere. A series of environmental protection plans have been carried out to create a high quality living area among the PRD.CO-OPERATION INITIATIVES ON CUSTOMS CLEARANCE OF GOODS The Framework Agreement on Hong Kong and Guangdong Co-operation has included infrastructure projects to enhance logistics development and communication and cross-boundary development. To achieve the facilitation of the flow of goods across the boundary, Hong Kong and Guangdong have put forward a number of specific policies and measures. Hong Kong Government advocated the standardization of the information and data required by the custo ms of the mainland.Hong Kong first launched the electronic Road Cargo System (ROCARS) in May 2010 to enable seamless clearance of road cargoes. With this new electronic information platform and building on the foundation of mutual co-operation and benefit, Hong Kong and Mainland Customs are able to make further contribution to enhance customs clearance efficiency and facilitate cross-boundary movement of goods. Road Cargo System (ROCARS) The present customs clearance arrangement at land boundary control points (LBCP), a truck driver has to stop first at an Immigration kiosk and then a Customs kiosk.He delivers a paper manifest which contains relevant cargo information at the latter to a Customs officer who determines on the spot whether physical inspection is necessary. It needs to wait for a moment until it is approved by the Customs. ROCARS allows Customs Officers to perform risk profiling before a truck arrives at LBCP. A shipper or agent needs to provide cargo data in eight fiel ds to the Customs and Excise Department (C&ED) electronically before the cargo enters or exits Hong Kong by truck. Meanwhile, the shipper or agent receives a customs reference number for his consignment.The driver of a laden truck needs to report to C&ED within 30 minutes before his truck arriving LBCP, together with the customs reference number of the consignment concerned received from the shipper and his vehicle registration number. If it is not selected by the Customs, no physical inspection is required. Benefits of ROCARS ROCARS allows the Customs officers conduct risk profiling on every cargo consignment in advance and determine whether a truck needs to be inspected. All cross-boundary trucks, except those are selected for inspection, they enjoy seamless customs clearance at the land boundary.It increases the efficiency and shortens the time for customs clearance of road cargoes; it also ensures a smooth flow of land boundary traffic. For the transportation and logistics indus try, many truck drivers deliver a loaded container from China factory via Hong Kong and the goods are to be transshipped overseas by liner vessel. ROCARS can enhance speedy and secure movement of cargoes between Hong Kong and China. As a result, cargoes can be delivered on time to liner vessel stably and reliable. It encourages the development of Hong Kong as an international logistics hub.COLLABORATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY To facilitate information flow and service integration towards Hong Kong and Mainland, Hong Kong started to develop and operate the Digital Trade and Transportation Network (DTTN) on 2005. The aim of DTTN is to lower the barriers for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to enjoy e-commerce; it provides Hong Kong and the PRD with an e-infrastructure to secure the region’s place as a leading international logistics hub. Digital Trade and Transportation Network (DTTN)DTTN is an e-platform to connect the organizations in trading , logistics and financial industries and to enable them to exchange business documents electronically with their trading partners. It supports the whole supply chains, including Sellers and Buyers, Carriers, Freight Forwarders, Terminals, Government and Agencies, Inspection Agencies, Insurance Institutions and Banking Institutions; it provides a wide range of services on message routing and transformation, data inheritance, statistical and analytical reporting.Over 80 major documents such as Purchase or Sales order, Packing list, Shipping order, House waybill, Customs clearance or Letter of Credit†¦etc can be supported by DTTN service which facilitates the information flow and service integration on trading, logistics, finance, import and export businesses. Benefits of DTTN DTTN enables new business opportunities for logistic service providers to provide value-add services; Hong Kong logistics industry can compete as premium service leader on high quality value-added services r ather than merely competing on cost.Logistics information flow is one of the key factors for the companies to achieve success. DTTN help to maximize the benefits of e-logistics by utilizing a cost effective infrastructure. It is a neutral, secure and reliable e-platform for trading and logistics communities which can smooth the whole international logistics operation and improve our competitiveness. It further promotes regional integration and enhances the supply-chain efficiency. IMPLEMENTATION OF INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTSWith an excellent infrastructure and telecommunications facilities, a well established financial and legal system, a good international connections and a free market for trading. Hong Kong enjoys a number of competitive advantages in developing logistic industry. Facing the rapid growth of logistics development in Guangdong province, to strengthen Hong Kong’s position as an international logistic hub, HKSAR Government is urged to develop a closer corporation between Hong Kong and PRD.The Framework Agreement on Hong Kong and Guangdong Co-operation which specified several policies on expediting the construction of cross-boundary highway, rail links and ancillary works; building a high class navigation network in PRD; improving the mechanism of the five major airports in the PDR; proactively seeking national support for enlarging the air space in the PDR; supporting the aviation status of each airport, building a network of short-haul helicopter services in the PRD. Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (HZMB)The HMZB project connects Hong Kong, Macau and the major cities in PRD, there will be a loop of high speed linkage among Zhuhai, Guangzhou, Dongguan, Guangxi, Hainan and other south western part of mainland. (Figure 1. ) [pic] Figure 1: Retrieved from Highway Department http://www. nzcchk. com/IBC%202009%2014%20-%20Hong%20Kong%20Zuhai%20Macau%20Bridge%20Project. pdf It consists of three sections (Figure 2). The western section is a link road within Zhuhai and the Zhuhai-Macao Boundary Crossing Facilities (ZMBCF). TheZhuhai Link Road will connect ZMBCF to the inland area of Zhuhai. The middle section is the HZMB Main Bridge. [pic] Figure 2: Retrieved from Highway Department http://www. nzcchk. com/IBC%202009%2014%20-%20Hong%20Kong%20Zuhai%20Macau%20Bridge%20Project. pdf The eastern section is within Hong Kong, there will be a Hong Kong Link Road (HKLR) to connect the HZMB Main Bridge to the Hong Kong Boundary Crossing Facilities (HKBCF). Meanwhile, the tunnel of HKLR will also connect Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA) to the HKBCF.HKBCF will serve as a strategic multi-model transportation hub, HKBCF will include construction cargo and passenger related facilities, public transport interchange, open road tolling system and some Government buildings will be set up in there. It is believed that the HMZB will bring more road haulage service between Hong Kong and mainland, in connection with the bridge, a highway is to b e built to connect Tuen Mun and Chek Lap Lok( TMCLK Link and the Tuen Mun Western Bypass) in order to meet the traffic demand between Northwest New Territories (NWNT) and North Lantau via HKBCF. (Figure 3) [pic]Figure 3: Retrieved from Highway Department http://www. nzcchk. com/IBC%202009%2014%20-%20Hong%20Kong%20Zuhai%20Macau%20Bridge%20Project. pdf Impacts of the HZMB The journey between Hong Kong and the Western PRD can be shortened to within three hours, it will take around 30mins from Zhuhai to Hong Kong International Airport which will significantly reduce the cost and time for passenger and good flow between Hong Kong and the Western PRD. In addition, the HZMB will bring tremendous benefit to Hong Kong, the Mainland and Macao in the areas of economic development, tourism, finance, logistics and ultural exchange. Hong Kong’s logistics industry will not only be able to get more business in the PRD but also extend their services into the inland area of the Mainland includ ing the resource-rich Sichuan Province. Hence, it further enhances Hong Kong’s status as an international transportation and aviation hub. Hong Kong-Shenzhen Western Express Line (WEL) To promote the development of Qianhai and NWNT and enhance the co-operation between the two airports in Hong Kong and Shenzhen, there will be a cross boundary railway, WEL, to connect the western part of Hong Kong and Shenzhen, including the two airports.From now the mainland destinations of HKIA mainly are the mainland cities far away from Hong Kong such as Shanghai and Beijing. Facing the rapid economic development in Mainland, the demand for domestic flights will continue to increase; there will be the same demand of international flights of international transit flight via Hong Kong. It is believed that WEL helps to connect the two airports between Hong Kong and Shenzhen, it will help the two cities in achieving a win-win situation by complementing each other and enhancing competitiveness. Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link (XRL)To expedite the construction of various cross-boundary transport infrastructures between Hong Kong and Mainland, XRL will connect Hong Kong with the Mainland’s national high-speed railway network which will significantly reduce the journey time. XRL is an express rail to link up Hong Kong with Guangzhou via Futian and Longhua in Shenzhen and Humen in Dongguan. The terminus in Guangzhou will be located at Shibi, which is the centre of the Guangzhou-Foshan metropolitan area. The Mainland section of XRL will start from Shibi and enter Hong Kong via Huanggang. (figure 4) [pic] Figure 4: Retrieved from Legislative Council brief http://legco. gov. k/yr09-10/english/panels/tp/tp_rdp/papers/tp_rdp1022-thb200910a-e. pdf The Hong Kong Section is started from Huangguan, there will be an underground railway running from Huanggang to West Kowloon Terminus at the West Kowloon District, and between the Airport Express Kowloon Station and t he West Rail Austin Station. [pic] Figure 5: Retrieved from Legislative Council brief http://legco. gov. hk/yr07-08/english/panels/tp/tp_rdp/papers/tp_rdp-thbtcr11658199-e. pdf Impacts of the XRL XRL is vitally important to Hong Kong. It will connect Hong Kong with the Mainland's national high-speed railway network and significantly reduce the journey time.A trip between Hong Kong and Shibi on the XRL will only take 48 minutes, to Wuhan in five hours, and to Shanghai and Beijing in about eight and 10 hours respectively. The XRL will terminate at the New Guangzhou Passenger Terminus at Shibi in Guangzhou. Shibi, together with the stations at Beijing, Shanghai and Wuhan, are designated as the four major national railway passenger hubs of the Mainland. The Terminus is planned to become a mega transport hub. Hence, XRL will help reinforce Hong Kong’s status as a transport, financial and commercial hub of China.It will support the sustained growth of our four traditional economic pillars – Financial services, tourism, logistics, business support and professional services. CONSOLIDATING HONG KONG’S DEVELOPMENT AS AN INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING AND LOGISTICS CENTRE Positioning of Hong Kong International Airport(HKIA) HKIA is the word’s busiest cargo airport, it has handled a record high of 4. 13 million tonnes of cargo in 2010. To meet the anticipated growth in demand, a new air cargo terminal is being constructed and is expected to commence operation in early 2013; the cargo-handling capacity will be increased.In long term, building a third runway is necessary to meet the forecast growth of passenger and cargo handling up to 2030. It will maintain the competitive edge of Hong Kong as an international and regional aviation centre. In view of increasing aircraft movements in PRD region, air routes and airspace open for civil aviation are insufficient, flights on many air routes have to make an additional detour or fly to a certain flight level t o ensure safety, it increased the flight time and flight delay in Mainland is always happened from time to time.To meet the aviation development needs and strengthen the economies between Hong Kong and Mainland, HKSAR government has to formulate a development plan for future air spaces capacity of the HKIA as well as the positioning of HKIA in accordance with its function as mentioned in the Framework Agreement to avoid the traffic congestion in the airspace over the PRD region. Measures to enhance the maritime port’s competitiveness To reinforce Hong Kong's position as a renowned international maritime centre and it is believed that a well established international business and maritime network is necessary.With regard to port expansion, HKSAR Government is looking for the right location for Container Terminal 10, which may be required as early as 2015. It will be other local transportation projects to shorten the travelling time of goods and commuters within the territory. The Hong Kong Shipping Register is the first-rate service offered by the Hong Kong maritime cluster. To maintain the reputation of the Hong Kong Shipping Register, the Hong Kong Marine Department will work closely with the industry to enhance the standards of Hong Kong ships and increase the competitiveness of the Register.Such as providing e-services for expanding one-stop shop services for ship registration, strengthening pre-registration quality control and enhancing coordination with the relevant Mainland authorities to offer better protection for Hong Kong ships. Hong Kong can also provide higher value-added services like maritime insurance, ship financing, international arbitration and logistic management to form a stronger industrial cluster.POSITIONING HONG KONG AND GUANGDONG AS A MODERN ECONIMIC CIRCULATION SPHERE To reinforce Hong Kong’s position as a logistics and maritime centre, Hong Kong needs to have first-class infrastructure facilities in parallel with hard i nfrastructure development. Banking and Bond Business The Framework Agreement deepens the Hong Kong’s RMB trade settlement and finance businesses at local level. It provides a best platform for Mainland authorities and Hong Kong Monetary Authority to jointly discuss and investigate how to expedite the application of RMB outside the China and continuously improve the RMB trade settlement services.It also facilitates the bond services, the qualified Guangdong financial organizations and companies can issue RMB bonds in Hong Kong. This approach creates many different financial channels to both sides and supports the development of Hong Kong’s RMB bond services simultaneously. Securities Services For securities business, the Framework Agreement pushes forward connection and mutual co-operation in respect of talents, knowledge, products, and institutions between both sides.In addition, more Guangdong financial organizations and companies are encouraged to raise funds in Hong Kong and to be Hong Kong listed companies. In order to strengthen the collaboration of securities services between Hong Kong and Guangdong, the supplement VI of Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA) was signed in 2009 which permitted securities organizations in Mainland and Hong Kong to establish securities investment consultancies in joint venture mode. Insurance ServicesWith the support of Framework Agreement, the qualified Hong Kong financial organizations can set up legal institutions with insurance services in Guangdong and this facilitates Hong Kong insurance organizations to develop business in Mainland by lowering the entry requirements of Mainland insurance market. The supplement IV of CEPA helps Hong Kong insurance agents to set up wholly-owned companies in Mainland. The collaboration of China Insurance Regulatory Commission and Office of the Commissioner of Insurance in Hong Kong can continuously be increased.Developing international logis tics hub in Hong Kong and PRD region The Framework Agreement helps the development of financial logistics service in Hong Kong by integrating supply, production and sales and formed the financial supply chain system. It was the revolution of third-party logistics services in Hong Kong. Financial logistics service has became gradually popular that combined with logistics and financial products. The ability of third-party logistics services and operating profit has been improved; logistic companies can expand financing channels, reduce financing costs and improve capital management efficiency.The new third-party logistics service definitely drives toward the goal of win-win supply chain. Logistics companies can activate occupied costs of idle raw materials and finished products for optimizing companies’ resources. The provision of financial logistics service can enhance companies’ integrated logistics services and competitiveness; it further increases the business scale as well as the value-added services. The enhanced financial costing and broad financing channels reduce the capital utilization of raw materials and semi-finished products.Moreover, the optimal capital allocation can reduce the procurement costs, expand sales volume and increase the companies’ sales profits. For further support, financial logistics services help companies to expand the size of loans for smoothing the cash flow, reduce credit risk and support the disposal of bad assets. The combination of logistics services and financial services which provides an integrated supply chain financial plan, it also increases the competitive advantage and profits.Through the financial logistic services, the warehouse logistic companies can achieve multilateral success; enhance customers’ capital capability and responsiveness to market risk. It encourages customers to deal with the warehouse goods processing and facilitates the interactive information sharing of goods, large amount of goods storage and high goods turnover rate. The diversified payment methods can maximize customers’ capital settlement. Therefore, customers’ pressure on accounts receivable can be reduced.With the connection of logistics and insurance industries, it provides a comprehensive logistics insurance service for all supply chain activities and items. It includes equipment damage, goods delivery, property and facilities, operation safety of trucks and other means of transport, and employee insurance, etc. Through the enhanced financial services, increased financial channels and the supports of Mainland banks and insurance companies, the logistics industry in Hong Kong obtains abundant resources to develop the financial logistics services, logistics routes and business in Mainland.Foreign enterprises also can take Hong Kong and Guangdong as a platform to invest in mainland market, in returns, Hong Kong acts as a bridgehead for Mainland enterprises to â€Å"go global † and establishes their head office in Hong Kong and promotes their business to global markets. CONCLUSION Hong Kong is the gateway of China and positioned in the heart of Asia; we can reach all major Asian countries within four hours and half of the world's population within five hours by plane.However, facing the changes of global economic structure and the worldwide trend of forming a regional economic co-operation and competition, it is difficult for an individual city to compete at its own. As such Hong Kong has to strengthen itself by co-operating with Mainland, particularly PRD region in Guangdong, to search for larger market hinterland so as to maintain its long term competitiveness. Under the outline of the Framework Agreement on Hong Kong Guangdong Co-operation, Hong Kong has to work towards betterment by consolidating innovation into its existing pillar industries, including finance, trading, shipping and logistics.To enhance our competitiveness, Hong Kong has conti nued investing in key infrastructure projects to maintain an efficient multi-modal transport network which covering air, land and sea to meet the different needs. Major infrastructure projects like HZMB, XRL and WEL, which materialize the â€Å"one-hour intercity circle† for people in PRD region and enforce a sound regional system of marine, land and air transport integration within this region. To facilitate the logistic flow and customs procedures, ROCARS has been introduced on the customs clearance.Some other recommendations on customs procedures can be considered in future, for instance, a mutual recognition of the examination results of cross-boundary vehicles, relaxation of the restrictions on Hong Kong trucks with valid licenses to travel in Mainland, as well as a centralized electronic communication platform on other control points to shorten the customs clearance time. In parallel with hard infrastructure development, Hong Kong should continue to develop the required software, particularly in the expansion of our aviation network, nurturing fresh talent and IT development.Hong Kong should make use the advantage of legal system and professional service, an extensive shipping and aviation network so as to provide a high value-added logistic services like pick-and pack and inventory management services. We believe that maintaining a closely correlation between Hong Kong’s hard and soft infrastructure is one of the factors to sustain our economic growth and prosperity. To further reinforce Hong Kong’s position as an international logistic hub and a gateway for Asia to access global markets, we have to tie with the co-operation and development of mainland.Last but not lease, we do believe we shall always empower ourselves to meet the great challenges and proactively identify new engines of economic growth of Hong Kong. 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